MacBain's Dictionary - Section 23
- iob
- a raw cake, lump of dough (H.S.D. for N.H.);
also uibe, q.v.
- ioba
- pl. iobannan, tricks, incantations (Arg.);
See ubag.
- iobairt
- an offering, sacrifice, Irish íodhbuirt,
Middle Irish édpart,
Old Irish
edpart, idpart: *aith-od-bart-, root bert, ber of
beir, q.v. Cf.
Welsh aberth (= ad-bert), a sacrifice.
- ioblag
- a victimised or despised female, a trollop (Glenmoriston):
- ìoc
- pay, remedy, iocshlaint,
a cure, salve, remedy, Irish íocaim,
pay, remedy, íocshláinte, a cure, remedy,
Early Irish ícaim, heal,
pay,
Old Irish íccaim, heal, Welsh iachäu,
to cure,
iach, sound, Cornish
iach, sanus, Breton iac'h, healthy,
Old Breton iac: *jakko-, sound;
Greek
@Ga@'/kos, a cure; Sanskrit yaças, grandeur.
The long vowel of
the Gadelic forms is puzzling, and these have been referred
to *isacco-, from iso-, eiso-,
Greek
@Gi@'aomai, heal, Sanskrit ishayati,
refresh.
- iochd
- clemency, humanity, Irish iochd, clemency, confidence,
Middle Irish
icht, protection,
Early Irish icht, progeny, children: *pektus, root
pek, pak, Latin pectus, breast, paciscor, paction; allied to
uchd.
For iochd, progeny, cf. Norse átt, family (Rhys).
See ++aicme.
- ìochdar
- the lower part, bottom, Irish íochdar,
Old Irish íchtar. It is
formed from ++ìos,
++ís, down, on the analogy of
uachdar.
See ++ìos.
- iod
- alas! Cf. English
tut. Also ud, oh dear!
- iodhal
- an image, Irish íodhal,
Old Irish ídal; from Latin idolum, English
idol.
- iodhlann
- a cornyard, Irish
iothlann, granary,
Old Irish ithla, g. ithland,
area, Welsh ydlan,
Old Welsh itlann, area: *(p)itu-landâ, "corn-land";
Old Irish
ith (g. etho), corn, Welsh, Cornish yd, Breton ed, it;
Sanskrit
pitu, nourishment, eating, Zend pitu, food. For further connections,
See ith, eat. For -lann,
See lann.
- iodhnadh
- pangs of child-birth, Irish iodhana, pangs,
Early Irish idu, pl.
idain: *(p)idôn-; Gothic fitan, travail in birth.
- ìogan
- deceit, fraud:
- ioghar,
ioghnadh;
-
See
iongar,
iongnadh.
- iol-
- prefix denoting "many", Irish iol-,
Old Irish il, multus: *elu-, *pelu-,
many; Gothic,
Old High German filu, German viel, many;
Greek
@Gpolús, many;
Sanskrit purú. the root is pel, plâ, plê,
as in Gaelic
làn,
lìon,
English
full, etc.
- iola
- a fishing station, fishing rock, fishing bank (Heb. and
N.H.); Shet iela.
- iolach
- a shout, pæan, Irish iolach, merriment,
Old Irish ilach, pæan;
Welsh elwch, a shout. *elukko, root pel, roar;
@Gpelagos? (St.).
Cf. Anglo-Saxon ealá, oh, alas.
- iolair
- eagle, Irish
iolar,
Middle Irish ilur, for irur, *eruro-s, Welsh eryr, Cornish,
Breton er; Gothic ara,
Old High German aro, German aar, Anglo-Saxon earn; Lithuanian
erélis, Prus. arelie; also
Greek
@Go@'/rnis, a bird.
- iolar
- down (Perthshire), also urlar: a degraded adverbial form
of urlar? Or for *ior-ar, *air-air, "on-by"?
- iolla
- view, glance; gabh iolla ris, just look at it;
cf. ealla.
- iollagach
- frolicsome;
See iullagach.
- iollain
- expert (H.S.D.;
Sh.,
O'R.
iollan); from
ealaidh.
- iom-
- the broad-vowel form of the prefix im-, q.v.
- ioma,
iomadh
- many, many a, Irish
ioma, iomdha,
Early Irish immad,
multitudo,
Old Irish imbed, copia, immde, multus (*imbde),
immdugud, exuberantia: *imbeto-, from the prep. imbi, embi,
now
im-,
mu, about (Z.@+2 64). Bez. queries if allied to Latin
pinguis, thick,
Greek
@Gpahús, but @gh, @ghu gives in Gadelic a
simple g (Ost. Ind. For.@+4). Also Gaelic iomad,
many, iomaididh,
superabundance, Irish iomad, a multitude, much. For d cf.
liuthad.
- iomadan
- concurrence of disasters, a mourning:
- iomagain,
iomaguin
- anxiety: *imb-ad-goni-, root
gon
of iargain?
- iomain
- a driving (of cattle, etc.), Irish iomáin, tossing, driving,
Early Irish immáin, a driving (*embi-agni-), inf. to immagim,
circumago; Lithuanian amba@-ges, going around, windings; root âg,
ag,
drive; Latin ago,
Greek
@Ga@'/gw, etc.
- iomair
- a ridge of land, Irish iomaire,
Early Irish immaire, imbaire:
*embi-ario-, root
àr, plough;
See àr.
- iomair
- need, behove: "serve"; Irish timthire, servant,
Old Irish
timmthirim, I serve. For force, cf.
feum. The root is
tìr,
land?
- iomair
- employ, exercise, play, noun iomairt, Irish imirt, a game,
Early Irish imbert,
Old Irish vb. imbrim, infero, etc.: for imb-berim,
root ber of
beir, q.v.
- iomall
- a border, limit, Irish imiol,
Early Irish imbel, Welsh ymyl: *imb-el,
"circuit", root el, go, Latin amb-ulare, walk, which reproduces
both roots.
See further under
tadhal. Hence iomallach,
remote.
- iomarbhaidh
- a struggle, Irish iomarbhaidh,
Early Irish immarbág:
*imm-ar-bág-; root bâg, strive, Norse bágr, strife,
Old High German
bâga, vb. pâgan.
See
arabhaig.
M`A. gives iomarbhuìdh,
hesitation, confusion.
- iomarcach
- very numerous, superfluous (Carswell's imarcach), Irish
iomarcach,
Middle Irish imarcraid, superfluity (also "carrying",
from immarchor,
cor, place, as in iomarchur).
M`A. gives
the meaning as "in many distresses, distressed", and the
root as
arc of
airc.
- ++iomarchur
- a rowing, tumbling, straying, Irish iomarchur (O'B),
Early Irish immarchor (= imm-ar-cor, from
cor or
cuir, put), carrying,
errand.
- iomchan
- carriage, behaviour:
- iomchar
- carriage, behaviour, Irish iomchar,
Early Irish immchor; from
imm- and
cuir, q.v.
- iomchoire
- blame, a reflection; from
iom- and
coire.
- iomchorc
- regards, salutation, petition, also Gaelic, Irish iomchomharc,
Old Irish imchomarc, interrogatio, salutatio: *imm-com-arc-,
from
arc, ask, Welsh archaff, I ask, erchim, Cornish arghaf,
Middle Breton
archas, will command: *(p)arkô, ask, root perk, prek, pr@.k;
Latin precor, English pray, prosco (= porcsco), demand;
German frage,
forschung, question, inquiry; Lithuanian praszy/ti, beg;
Sanskrit pracnas,
question.
- iomchuidh
- proper, Irish iomchubhaidh,
Middle Irish immchubaid; from
iom- and
cubhaidh, q.v.
- ìomhaigh
- an image, Irish iomhaigh,
Middle Irish iomáig, imagin, Cornish
auain; from Latin imago.
- iomlag
- the navel;
See imleag.
- iomlaid
- and exchange, Irish iomlut; possibly from the Gaelic root lud,
go (see dol).
- iomlan
- whole,
Early Irish imshlán, quite whole.
- iompaidh
- a turning, conversion, Irish iompógh,
Old Irish impúd,
impúth, Welsh ymod, a turn: *imb-shouth,
Old Irish sóim, averto:
*soviô, root su, sou, Latin sucula, windlass. It has also been
referred to the root sup, Latin dissipo, Lithuanian supù, swing.
- iomradh
- fame, report, Irish iomrádh,
Old Irish immrádud, tractatio,
cogitatio; from
iom- and
ràdh, say.
- iomrall
- an error, wandering, Irish iomrolladh, iomrulladh,
Early Irish
imroll, mistake: *ambi-air-al, root al, el, go, as in
iomall.
- iomram
, iomramh
- rowing, Irish iomramh, iomrámh (O'Br.),
Early Irish
immram, vb. immráim; from
iom- and
ràmh.
- ion
- fit, ion-, prefix denoting fitness,
Irish
ion-, prefixed to passive
participles, denotes fitness (O'D., who quotes inleighis, curable,
inmheasta, believable): a particular use of
in-, in-, which see.
ion is iomlan, almost perfect (Hend.).
- ion-
- negative prefix
an before b, d, g, Irish ion-,
Old Irish
in-;
See an-
for derivation. The primitive n@. before b, d, g. becomes in in
Gadelic.
- ionad
- a place, Irish ionad, ionnad; the Early Irish has inad only, pointing
to modern
ionadh:
- iona,
ionadh
- in c'iona, c'ionadh, whether:
co and ionadh or
iona,
Early Irish inad, place.
See above. The Modern Irish is ca hionad.
- ionaltair
- a pasturing, pasture;
from in- and *altair, a shorter
form of
altrum. Cf. for form Irish ingilim, I pasture, from
in-
and gelim, I eat (root gel, as in Gaelic
goile). iomair ionailt,
browsing rig (Carm.).
- ionann
- alike, Irish ionnan,
Old Irish inonn, innon, inon. Possibly for
*sin-ôn, *sin-sôn, "this-that";
See sin, and sôn of
Old Irish is for
*sou-n, *sou, hoc,
Greek
@Gou@`@n-tos (for root,
See -sa). Cf. for form
Latin idem = is-dem,
Greek
@Go@` au@'tós.
- ionbhruich
- broth;
See eanraich.
- ionga
- g. ingne, pl. ìngnean, ìnean, a nail, Irish ionga, g. iongan,
Old Irish inga, g. ingen, Welsh ewin, Cornish euuin, Breton ivin: *engînâ
(Stokes); Latin unguis;
Greek
@Go@'/nux, g.
@Go@'/nuhos; Gothic nagljan,
English nail; Sanskrit nakhá. Fick gives the Indo-European root as no@gh,
n@.@gh, with stems no@ghlo-, n@.@ghlo-,
- iongantach
- wonderful, so Irish ingantach; formed from the noun
iongnadh, wonder.
- iongar
, ioghar
- pus: *in-gor, root gor of
guirean, q.v. Dr Cam.
compared
Greek
@G@'/hwr, blood of the gods (Gael, No. 548).
*ping-aro-, pi, swell?
- iongnadh
- wonder, so Irish,
Old Irish ingnád, ingnáth (adj. and n.); for
in-gnáth, "not wont";
See ion- (neg. prefix) and
gnàth.
- ionmhas
- treasure, Irish ionmhas, ionmhus,
Early Irish indmass; from
in- and -mass of
tomhas, measure, q.v. Ascoli connects it
with
Old Irish indeb, lucrum,
Middle Irish indbas, wealth.
- ionmhuinn
- dear, Irish ionmhuin,
Old Irish inmain: *eni-moni, root
mon, men, mind, remember, for which
See cuimhne.
See muinighin.
- ionn-
- prefix of the same force as fri,
ri;
See inn- further.
- ionnairidh
- a watching at night; from
ionn- and
aire.
- ionnaltoir
- a bath, Irish ionnaltóir (
O'R.), bather (
Con.);
See ionnlad.
- ++ionnas
- condition, status, ionnas gu, insomuch that, so that,
cionnas, how, Irish ionnus, so that,
Old Irish indas, status: *ind-astu-,
"in adstatu", from ad-sta, root sta. Zeuss @+2
derives it from ind and the abstract termination -assu (-astu-),
seemingly giving it the idea of "to-ness".
- ionndruinn
- missing: *ind-reth-in, "wandering";
See faondradh.
- ionnlad
- washing, Irish ionnlat,
Old Irish indlat, Irish vb. innuilim,
Middle Irish
indalim. There is also an Early Irish indmat, washing of the
hands. From *ind-luttto-, *lutto from lu, lov, bathe, Latin
lavo, etc.?
- ionnsaich
- learn,
Early Irish insaigim, seek out, investigate, noun
saigid, seeking out, saigim:
in- and sag, root sag, seek; Latin
sa!-gio, am keen, sagax, acute;
Greek
@Gc@`géomai, lead; Gothic sôkjan,
seek, English seek; Indo-European sâg, sag.
The Gaelic connsaich is from
co-in-saigim, sagim, say, dispute; Gothic sakan, dispute, English
forsake, sake.
- ionnsuidh
- attempt, approach, Irish ionnsuigh,
Early Irish insaigid, a visit;
from
in- and saigid, seeking out, visiting.
See ionnsaich.
Hence the prep. dh'ionnsuidh.
- ionntag
- a nettle;
See deanntag.
- ionntlas
- delight (H.S.D.);
from
in- and
tlàth?
- ionntraich
- miss (Dial.);
See ionndruinn.
- ionraic
- righteous, Irish ionnruic,
Old Irish inricc, dignus: *ind-rucci-
(Ascoli); possibly *rucci- is for *rog-ki, root rog, reg of
reacht.
- ioraltan
- harmless tricks: *air+
alt.
- ioras
- down; from air and
++ìos. Dial. uireas.
- iorbhail
- infection, taint: *air+
bail, "on-issue".
- iorcallach
- a robust man: "Herculean"; from , Hercules,
a Gaelic word formed from the Latin one.
- iorghuil
- fray, strife, so Irish,
Old Irish irgal; from
air and
gal, q.v.
Also iorgull.
- iorrach
- quiet, undisturbed:
- iorram
- a boat song: *air-rám, "at oar" song. Cf.
iomram for
phonetics.
- ++ìos
- down, Irish ++íos, in phrases a nìos,
from below, sìos, to below,
so Irish;
Old Irish ís, íss, infra, Welsh
is,
comp. isel, sup. isaf, Breton
is,
iz, isel, comp. iseloch: *enso or *endso, from en, now
an, in;
Latin i@-mus, lowest, from *ins-mus, from in. Stokes cfs. rather
Sanskrit adhás, under (n@.dhas), English under,
giving the prehistoric
form as *insô; and there is much in favour of this view for
the meaning's sake, though most philologists are on the side
of en or end, now
an, being root. Latin imus or infimus would
then follow the Celtic.
- ìosal
- low, Irish iosal,
Old Irish ísel: *endslo-s;
See ++ìos above.
- iosgaid
- hough, poples, Irish ioscaid,
Middle Irish iscait,
Early Irish escait:
- iosop
- hyssop, Irish íosóip; from Latin hyssopum, whence English
- ìotadh
- thirst, Irish íota,
Old Irish ítu, g. ítad: *isottât, root
is, desire,
seek;
Greek i@'ótcs, wish, i@`/meros, desire; Church Slavonic iskati, seek;
Sanskrit ish, seek, Zend. ish, wish.
- iothlann
- cornyard;
See iodhlann.
- ìre
- progress, state, degree of growth,
Old Irish hire, ire (íre), ulterior:
*(p)ereio-, from per, through, over;
Greek
@Gperai@nos, on the other
side. Stokes makes the proportional comparison of these
forms thus:- (p)ereios:
@Gperai@nos = (p)arei (now
air):
@Gparaí.
- iriosal
- humble:
*
air-
ìosal, q.v.
- iris
- hen-roost, basket or shield handle,
Middle Irish iris, pl. irsi, suspender,
shield handle, stchel strap: *are-sti-, from
air and
sta, stand.
See ros,
seas.
- is
- is, Irish,
Old Irish is,
Old Irish iss,
Old Welsh iss, is =
Greek
@Ge@'stì; Latin est, is;
English is, etc.
- is
- and, Irish,
Early Irish
is; seemingly an idiomatic use of
is, is. Consider
the idiom; "Nì e sin is mise an so" - "He will do it
and I here"; literally: "He will do it, I am here". It is
usually regarded as a curtailment of
agus, and hence spelt
variously as a's, 'us.
- isbean
- a sausage; from Norse íspen, a sausage of lard and suet
(= í-spen, from speni, a teat).
- isean
- a chicken, young of any bird, Irish iséan,
Early Irish essíne,
Old Irish
isseniu, pullo: *ex(p)et-nio-? Root pet, fly; that is,
*ex-én-,
én being
eun, bird,
- isneach
- a rifle gun; from
oisinn, corner? Meyer suggests from
isean, young of birds, comparing "fowling-piece".
- ist!
- whist! English whist! hist! Latin st! Onomatopoetic.
- ite
- a feather, Irish iteóg,
Old Irish ette: *ettiâ,
*pet-tiâ, root pet, fly;
Greek
@Gpétomai, I fly; Latin penna, a wing (*pet-na),
English pen;
English feather, German fittich; etc.
See eun. Welsh aden, wing, is
near related. iteachan, a spool, weaver's bobbin.
- iteodha
- hemlok. Cameron (29) suggests a derivation from ite,
the idea being "feather-foliaged".
- ith
- eat, Irish,
Old Irish ithim: *itô, *pitô, I eat;
Church Slavonic pi@'tati, feed:
Sanskrit pitu, nourishment, Zend pitu, food; further
Greek
@Gpítus,
pine. Also ++ith, ++ioth
corn, as in iodhlann, q.v.
- iubhar
- yew, Irish iubhar,
Early Irish ibar,
Gaulish ; German eberesche,
service-tree (*ebarisc). So Schräder. It does not seem that
Irish eó, Welsh yw, Breton ivin, *ivo-,
English yew, can be allied to
iubhar. Hence iubrach, a yew wood, stately woman, the
mythic boat of Fergus Mac Ro in the Deirdre story.
Eboracum?
- iuchair
- a key, Irish eochair,
Early Irish eochuir, Manx ogher, Welsh egoriad,
key, egor, agor, opening: *ekûri-; root stem pecu-, fastening,
whence Latin pecu, cattle, English fee. Cf. Welsh ebill, key, auger.
- iuchair
- the roe, spawn, Irish,
Middle Irish
iuchair: *jekvuri, Latin jecur,
liver?
- iuchar
- the dog-days:
- iugh
- a particular posture in which the dead are placed:
- iùl
- guidance, Irish iul; cf.
eòlas.
- iullag
- a sprightly female, iullagach, sprightly:
- iùnais
- want,
Early Irish inguáis,
Old Irish ingnais, absence: *in-gnáth,
from gnáth, known, custom;
See gnàth. Aslo aonais.
- iunnrais
- stormy sky:
- iunntas
- wealth:
- iurpais
- fidgeting, wrestling; cf.
farpuis.
- ++iursach
- suspensory (Oss. Ballads), applied to the mail-coat.
From
iris.
H.S.D. gives the
meaning as "black, dark".
- iuthaidh,
fiuthaidh
- iùthaidh, arrow, gun, etc.:
- iutharn
- hell; for *ifhern, a side-form of
ifrinn.
- là,
latha
- day, Irish lá, g. laoi,
Old Irish lathe, laithe, lae, g. lathi, d.
lau, lóu, ló: *lasio-, root
las, shine;
Sanskrit lásati, shines; Greek
@Gláw, behold.
- làban,
làban
- mire, dirt, Irish lábán; also làib.
Cf. for root
làthach (*làth-bo-).
- labanach
- a day-labourer, plebeian, Irish labánach (
O'Br., etc.;
Sh.);
from Latin labor?
- labhair
- speak, Irish labhraim,
Early Irish labraim,
Old Irish labrur, labrathar,
loquitur, Welsh llafar, vocalis, lleferydd, voice, Cornish lauar,
sermo, Breton lavar,
Gaulish river Labarus: *labro-, speak; Greek
@Glábros, furious,
@Glábreúomai, talk rashly. Bez. prefers the
root of English flap. Others have compared Latin labrum, lip,
which may be allied to bothe Celtic and
Greek (
@Glabreúomai).
Hence Gaelic and Irish labhar, loud,
Old Irish labar, eloquens, Welsh
llafar, loud,
Greek
@Glábros.
- la-bhallan
- water shrew (Suth.), la-mhalan (Forbes):
- lach
- a wild duck, Irish,
Early Irish lacha; cf. the Lithuanian root lak, fly.
- lachan
- a laugh; from the Scottish, English laugh.
- lachduinn
- dun, grey, tawny, Irish,
Middle Irish lachtna, grey, dun; cf.
Sanskrit rakta, coloured, reddened, rañj, dye, whence English lake,
crimson.
- làd
, lòd
- a load, Irish lád; from the Middle English laden, to lade.
- lad
- a mill lead; from the English lead, lade. For the N.H. meaning
of "puddle",
See lod.
- ladar
- a ladle; from the English ladle by dissimilation of the liquids.
- ladarna
- bold, so Irish,
Middle Irish latrand, robber, Welsh pl. lladron,
theives; from Latin latro, latronis, a thief.
- ladhar
- a hoof, fork, so Irish,
Early Irish
ladar, toes, fork, branch:
*plaðro-n, root pla, extend.
- lag
- a hollow, Irish log, a pit, hollow: *luggo-, root lu@g, bend; Greek
@Glugízw, bend; Lithuanian lugnas, pliant. Stokes gives the basis as
*lonko-, root lek, lenk, bend, Lithuanian lànkas, a curve, lanka, a
mead, Church Slavonic laku@u, bent; but this would give à in Gaelic; German
lücke, gap, blank.
- lag
- weak, Irish
lag,
Early Irish lac,
Middle Irish luice (pl.), Welsh llag, sluggish:
*laggo-s, root
lag; Latin langueo, English languid;
Greek
@Glaggázw,
slacken,
@Glagarós, thin; English slack, also
lag, from Celtic. Cf.
@Glákkos.
- làgan
- sowens: *latag-ko-? Root lat, be wet,
Greek
@Glatax, drop,
Latin latex.
See làthach.
- lagh
- law, Irish lagh (obsolete, says Con.); from the English The
phrase iar lagh, set in readiness for shooting (as of a bow) is
hence also.
- laghach
- pretty,
Irish lághach, laghach (Donegal); cf. Middle Irish lig,
beauty, root leg, Latin lectus, chosen, English election? Cf.
Old Welsh
lin, gratia. Kluge says English like.
- làidir
- strong, Irish,
Early Irish láidir:
- laigh
, luigh
- lie, Irish luigh,
Early Irish laigim,
Old Irish lige, bed, Welsh gwe-ly,
bed (Cornish gueli, Breton guele), Gaul legasit (= posuit?): *logô,
legô, to lie, *legos, bed, Indo-European root le@gh, lie;
Greek
@Glehos, bed,
@Gléhetai, sleeps (Hes.); Gothic ligan, German liegan, English lie, etc.
- laimhrig
- landing place, harbour: from Norse hlað-hamarr, pier or
loading rock, Shet. Laamar. Also lamraig.
- laimhsich
- handle, Irish laimhsighim: *lám-ast-ico-, from *lamas,
handling, from làmh, q.v.
- lainnir
- brightness, polish,
Early Irish lainderda, glittering, glancing;
also loinnear, bright, q.v.
- lainnir
- a falcon (Carm.):
- laipheid
- an instrument for making horn-spoons:
- làir
- a mare, Irish,
Old Irish láir, g. lárach: *lârex. Stokes suggests
connection with Alban. pelé, pe@-lé, mare.
- lairceach
- stout, short-legged, fat, lairceag, a short, fat woman:
- làirig
- a moor, sloping hill, a pass; cf. Middle Irish laarg, fork, leg and
thigh,
Old Irish loarcc, furca. Often in place names:
- laisde
- easy, in good circumstances; cf. Irish laisti, a heavy, stupid
person; from
las, loose?
- laisgeanta
- fiery, fierce; from las, q.v.
- laithilt
- a weighing as with scales, Irish laithe, scales: *platio-, root
plat, plet, as in
leathan.
- lamban
- milk curdled by rennet (Dial.);
See slaman.
- lamh
- able, dare, Irish lamhaim,
Early Irish lamaim,
Old Irish -laimur, audeo,
Welsh llafasu, audere, Cornish lavasy, Breton lafuaez: *plamô, a short-vowel
form of the root of
làmh, hand, the idea being "manage
to, dare to"? Stokes says it is probably from *tlam, dare,
Greek
@Gtólma, daring, Scottish thole;
See tlàth. Windisch has compared
Lithuanian lemiù, lemti, fix, appoint.
- làmh
- hand, Irish lámh,
Old Irish lám, Welsh llaw, Cornish lof,
Old Breton lau;
*lâmâ, *plâmâ; Latin palma, English palm;
Greek
@Gpalámc; Anglo-Saxon
folm,
Old High German folma. Hence làmhainn, glove,
Early Irish lámind.
làmh, axe (Ross), làmhaidh (Suth.); làmhag, a small hatchet
(Arg.),
Middle Irish laime, axe;
Old Slavonic lomifi, break, *lam, English
lame (St.).
- lamhrag
- a slut, awkward woman, lamhragan, awkward handling;
from lámh: "underhand".
- làn
- full, Irish,
Old Irish lán, Welsh llawn,
Old Welsh laun, Cornish leun, len, Breton
leun: *lâno-, *plâno-, or pl@.@--no- (Brug.), root pl@.@-, plâ, pel;
Sanskrit pûrn@.ás, full; further Latin plênus;
Greek
@Gplc/rcs,
@Gpolús,
many; English full, etc.
See also iol,
lìon,
lìnn.
- lànain
- a married couple, Irish lánamhain,
Early Irish lánamain,
Old Irish
lánamnas, conjugium: *lag-no-, root log, leg, lie,
as in
laigh?
Stokes divides the word thus: lán-shamain. For samhain,
assembly,
see Samhuinn.
- lànan
- rafter beam, from
lànain.
- langa
- a ling; from Norse langa, Scottish laing, English ling.
- langadar
- seaware with long leaves (Lewis):
- langaid
- a fetter, fetters (especially for horses),
langar, Irish langfethir
(
O'Br.;
Lh.
has ++langphetir),
Early Irish langfiter (Corm. Greek,
"English word this"), Welsh llyfethar,
Middle Welsh lawhethyr; from
English lang (long) and fetter. The Scottish has langet, langelt,
which is the origin of Gaelic langaid.
- langaid
- the guillemote (Heb.); from Scottish (Shetland) longie, Danish
langivie (Edmonston).
- langaiseachadh
- pulling a boat along by a rope from the bank:
- langan
- lowing of the deer; from the Scottish, English lowing?
- langasaid
- a couch, settee; from Scottish langseat, lang-settle, "long
seat".
- lan
- a blade, sword, Irish
lann, also "a scale, scale of a fish, disc"
(Arg., M`A.): *lag-s-na? Root
lag, as in Early Irish laigen, lance,
Welsh llain, blade, Latin lanceo,
Greek
@Glóghc, lance-point. Thurneysen
(Zeit. 28) suggests *plad-s-na, "broad thing";
Greek
@Gplaqánc,
German fladen, flat cake, further Gaelic leathann, broad, etc.
Old Irish
lann, squama, is referred by Stokes to *lamna, allied to Latin
lamina, lamna; which would produce rather
Old Irish *lamn,
Modern lamhan. Irish
lann, gridiron, is doubtless allied to
Old Irish
lann.
- lann
- an inclosure, land, Irish lann,
Early Irish land, Welsh llan,
Old Welsh lann,
area, ecclesia, Breton lann: *landâ; Teutonic land, English land.
See iodhlann.
- lannsa
- a lance, Irish lannsa; from the English
- lanntair
- a lantern, Irish laindéar; from the English
- laoch
- a hero, Irish laoch, a soldier, hero,
Early Irish láech, a hero,
champion: *laicus, soldier, "non-cleric",
Early Irish láech, laicus,
Welsh lleyg; all from Latin laicus, a layman, non-cleric.
- laogh
- a calf, so Irish,
Early Irish lóeg, Welsh llo, Cornish
loch, Breton leué,
Middle Breton
lue: *loigo-s, calf, "jumper", root leí@g, skip, Gothic laikan,
spring, Lithuanian láigyti, skip, Sanskrit réjati,
skip (see leum further).
It is possible to refer it to root leigh, lick: "the licker".
- laodhan
- pith of wood, heart of a tree, Irish laodhan, laoidhean;
also Gaelic glaodhan, q.v.
- laoighcionn,
lao'cionn
- tulchan calf, calf-skin; from laogh and
++cionn, skin, which
See under
boicionn. crann-laoicionn,
wooden block covered with calf-skin (Wh.).
- laoidh
- a lay, so Irish,
Early Irish láed, láid,
Old Irish lóid: *lûdi-? Alliance
with Teutonic liuþ, English lay, French lai, German lied, is possible if
the stem is lûdi-; cf. for phonetics
draoidh and ancient
drûis, drûidos, Druid,
Gaulish Latin druidæ (Stokes).
- laoineach
- handsome; cf. loinn.
- laoir
- drub lustily (
M`A.), laoireadh, rolling in the dust (
H.S.D.).
Cf. léir.
- laoiscionn
- thin membrane inside of sheep and cattle (Lewis);
Norse lauss-skin, loose skin?
- laoisg
- a group, crowd (disparagingly) (Skye):
- laom
- a crowd, lodge (as corn), Irish laomdha, bent,
Middle Irish loem,
crowd, heap:
- laom
- a blaze, Irish
laom; from Norse ljómi, ray, Anglo-Saxon léoma, Scottish
leme, to blaze.
- laom
- go to shaw (as potatoes) (Skye):
- laom-chrann
- main beam of a house (Wh.):
- laosboc
- a castrated goat:
- laoran
- a person too fond of the fire-side:
- lapach
- benumbed, faltering; cf.
lath. lapanaich, bedraggle
(Perth).
- làr
- the ground, Irish,
Old Irish lár, Welsh llawr,
Old Cornish lor,
Old Breton laur,
solum, Breton leur: *lâro-, *plâro; English floor, Anglo-Saxon flór, Norse
flór, German flur; root plâ, broad, broaden, Latin plânus, English
plain, etc.
- làrach
- a site, Irish láithreach,
Old Irish láthrach;
from làthair, q.v.
- las
- loose, slack, Welsh llaes; from Latin laxus, English lax.
- las
- kindle, lasair, flame, so Irish,
Early Irish lassaim, lassair, Welsh llachar,
gleaming: *laksar-; Sanskrit lakshati, see, show,
Old High German luogên
(do.). Also by some referred to *lapsar-,
Greek
@Glámpw, shine,
English lamp, Prussian lopis, flame.
See losgadh. Windisch has
compared Sanskrit
arc, r@.c, shine. Hence lasgaire, a youth,
young "spark"; lastan, pride, etc.
- lasgar
- sudden noise:
- lath
- benumb, get benumbed. Cf. Welsh llad.
- làthach
- mire, clay, Irish,
Early Irish lathach, coenum, Welsh llaid, mire, Breton
leiz, moist: *latákâ, *latjo-, root lat, be moist;
Greek
@Glátax,
@Glátagés, drops; Latin latex, liquid.
- lathailt
- a method, a mould (Wh.):
- làthair
- presence, Irish láthair,
Old Irish láthar, lathair: *latri-, *lâtro-,
root plât, plâ, broad; Lettic plât, extend thinly; further in
Gaelic
làr above. Asc. refers it to the root of
Old Irish láaim, I
send, which is allied to
Greek
@Ge@'laúnw, I drive, etc. Hence
làrach.
- le
- by, with, Irish le,
Old Irish la, rarer le: *let; from
leth, side.
jtm